Erebus bodies1/5/2024 The Cascades are found in a place where Earth’s tectonic plates are pushing toward each other, with the crust of the ocean forced below the crust of the continent. Mount Erebus was first ascended by Shackleton and his party in 1908.Įrebus exemplifies a family of volcanoes with an alkalic chemical composition, with lavas relatively rich in sodium, potassium and other elements including rare earths elements, while being relatively poor in silica.Īlkalic volcanoes are very different from volcanoes such as in the Cascade Range extending from northern California through British Columbia to Alaska. It and its dormant companion volcano, Mount Terror, were named after the exploring ships of Ross, who discovered them and the Transantarctic Mountains in 1841. Mount Erebus is Antarctica’s only active volcano. National Science Foundation, with comparable funding coming from the New Zealand Royal Society Marsden Fund, and in-kind support by participating colleagues. The study was financed by a $464,000 grant from the U.S. Co-authors also included Erin Wallin of the University of Hawaii and mountaineer Danny Uhlmann, now studying geology at the University of Lausanne. Wannamaker and Hill conducted the study with University of Utah alumni John Stodt and Michal Kordy and associate scientist Virginie Maris geophysicists Paul Bedrosian of the United States Geological Survey, Martyn Unsworth of the University of Alberta, and Yasuo Ogawa of Tokyo Institute of Technology and senior volcanologist Phil Kyle of the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. “Understanding both H 2O and CO 2 volcanoes is important for calculating the budget of such volatile gases deep in the earth that involves an injection of material into Earth’s mantle and its return to the surface to start all over again”, Wannamaker says. “Mount Erebus is an example of a CO 2-dominated rift volcano, a complement to the more widely known arc volcanoes of the Pacific Rim and elsewhere, dominated by H 2O,” adds New Zealand co-investigator Graham Hill, the study’s lead author. The study, published in Nature Communications “expands our understanding of the sources and transport of diverse types of magma and volatile gases to the surface,” says Phil Wannamaker, the study’s second author and a geophysicist at the University of Utah’s Energy & Geoscience Institute. Now, a joint University of Utah and University of Canterbury New Zealand study shows how CO 2 deep underground helps magma avoid being trapped deep in the Earth and allows it to reach and pool at the surface. A key piece of the puzzle for understanding global continental evolution, Antarctica contains examples that define the spectrum of Earth’s volcanic processes. He was buried in three shirts, as well as a shroud and a red patterned handkerchief that was placed over his face.Antarctica has long been a land of mystery and heroic feats made famous by the explorations of James Ross, Roald Amundsen, Robert Scott and Ernest Shackleton. Investigation of Braine's remains in 1986 revealed that Braine was severely emaciated at his time of death, with an advanced case of tuberculosis which had resulted in angular kyphosis, or a sharp twisting of his spine. On April 3 rd, 1846 Private William Braine died on Beechey Island and is buried with John Torrington and John Hartnell. In the spring of 1845, Braine signed up for the Franklin expedition in the HMS Erebus's Royal Marine detachment, serving under Sgt. There were no records of children from their marriage. He married Eliza Wood on October 31 st, 1841, in Woolwich. He finished his infantry training in July of 1834 and joined the 8th Company of the Woolwich Division, housed at the Woolwich Arsenal. He was then relocated to the Stonehouse Barracks in Plymouth. Rather than signing his name, Braine signed with an 'X', suggesting he may have been illiterate. In the recruiting book, he was described as being 5'10" with a "slim" stature and grey eyes, he was either mistaken or he lied that he gave his age as 20. His eldest brother Thomas, died 2 months after birth.īraine joined the Royal Marines in December of 1833, signing on as a private. William was one of seven children, including six brothers and one sister, being the third eldest. Two years later, his father married a spinster named Elizabeth Bun. His mother died in August of 1823, when William was eight years old. He was baptized in the parish of Ashwick on May 28 th, 1815. William Braine was born in March 1814 in Oakhill, Somerset to Shadrach Braine, a quarry worker, and his wife Honor (née King).
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